In recent years, great strides have been made in the field of organ, tissue and cell transplantation and human application, making it one of the great medical success stories of modern times. Transplantation is in many cases the only viable treatment for reclaiming essential functions and improving quality of life, for example by restoring patients’ sight or helping them regain mobility. It can also mean the difference between life and death for patients with end-stage organ failure, devastating burn injuries or blood cancers.